KESEHATAN: KOLOSTRUM: Anda Takan Pernah Hidup Tanpa Ini !!!

Seiring makin melonjaknya harga susu yang dipicu oleh makin langkanya keberadaan susu di pasaran, membuat para ibu kelabakan. Pasalnya susu adalah bahan yang sangat pokok bagi bayi. Melonjaknya harga makanan pokok bagi bayi ini membuat para ibu mulai mencari-cari alternatif lain sebagai pengganti dari susu. Salah satu di antaranya yaitu air tajin yang banyak dipercayai hampir sama dengan susu. Tapi benarkah air tajin sama dengan susu? Dalam arti yang lebih mendalam yaitu dari kandungan nilai gizinya?

Ternyata air tajin tidak dapat menggantikan kebutuhan susu bagi bayi karena hanya mengandung karbohidrat, kata dosen Ilmu Gizi, Program Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto Ir. Endo Darjito, MPPM.

"Yang kita harapkan dari susu adalah kandungan proteinnya sehingga kalau karbohidrat yang dimakan hanya dapat memberikan tenaga," katanya.

Tajin merupakan cairan dalam proses penanakan nasi. Menurut dia, bayi sampai balita membutuhkan susu untuk pertumbuhan otak tetapi jika hanya diberi karbohidrat, otaknya tidak akan bisa mengalami pertumbuhan optimal. Oleh karena itu, secara jelas air tajin tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai pengganti susu.

Dia mengatakan, kebutuhan susu untuk bayi usia 0-6 bulan diharapkan dapat dipenuhi melalui air susu ibu (ASI), sedangkan untuk usia enam bulan ke atas ditambah makanan pendamping ASI, seperti nasi tim atau makanan yang lembek.

"Jika kondisinya tidak memungkinkan, makanan pendamping ASI dapat diganti susu kedelai, tetapi yang menjadi masalah tidak mudah mendapatkan susu kedelai ini," kata dia.

Saat bayi memasuki usia tujuh bulan, kata dia, produksi ASI biasanya mengalami penurunan sehingga perlu ada makanan pendamping.

Menurut dia, harga susu kedelai jauh lebih murah daripada susu sapi. Tetapi jika tidak memungkinkan untuk mendapatkannya ada alternatif lain dengan menggunakan protein nabati yang berasal dari tempe dan tahu.

"Saat bayi berusia 7 bulan ke atas dapat diperkenalkan dengan tempe dan tahu yang dihaluskan dahulu," kata dia.

Ia mengatakan, sumber protein nabati dari kacang-kacangan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif kebutuhan protein yang relatif mudah dan murah dibanding dengan lainnya.

Menurut dia, yang terpenting saat ini adalah penyajian menu seimbang yang memenuhi kebutuhan karbohidrat, kalori, protein, vitamin dan mineral.

"Susu merupakan bagian dari protein, sehingga tanpa susu pun sebenarnya tidak menjadi masalah, selama menunya seimbang," kata dia.

Dia mengatakan, mengkonsumsi susu merupakan cara termudah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan protein karena siap saji, kandungan proteinnya sudah pasti dan mudah diserap.

Menurut dia, protein hewani (susu) lebih mudah diserap dibanding protein nabati (tahu dan tempe).

"Sebagai gambaran, zat besi dari hewani dapat diserap sekitar 20-30%, sedangkan dari nabati hanya dapat diserap sekitar 2-10%," kata dia.

Ia mengatakan, justru yang dikhawatirkan dampak dari kenaikan harga susu adalah mengurangi takaran susu yang akan dikonsumsi bayi dengan melakukan pengenceran.

"Misalnya yang biasanya 20 gram menjadi lima gram untuk satu gelas, yang penting putih saja. Ini justru yang dikhawatirkan," kata dia.

Topik ini sy pos berkaitan dgn, pos berikut ini:

http://suzuki-thunder.net/berita-duka-f21/sis-mila-nya-bro-rully-masuk-ugd-t4129-9.htm

Thunder Rider wrote:

KOREKSI:

BUKAN SUSU !! ... TAPI KOLOSTRUM !!

Rully KOSTER 014 wrote:

Terima kasih atas perhatian Brogader KOSTER semua...

Sis Milla, hari ini istiharat total dirumah (ternyata tidak harus rawat inap di RS, karena trombositnya semakin kembali normal) mulai Senin, 14 April s/d rabu, 16 April 08.

...

Saat pulang, saya sempat membekali Sis Milla dengan Susu IgG plus (produk Susu New Zealand yang saat ini didistribusikan oleh Smart Naco Indonesia. Produk susu terbaik untuk menambah Imun dan pertumbuhan) untuk dikonsumsi 2 sachet saat mau tidur dan 2 sachet untuk besok minggunya sebelum kembali melakukan pengecekan Dokter.

...

Oleh sebab itu Bro & Sis... saat kita bekerja keras, kita perlu imbangi kondisi tubuh kita dengan beban beratnya pekerjaan kita... bila ternyata tuntutan pekerjaan lebih berat dari kekuatan kondisi tubuh... sebaiknya Bro & Sis bekalin diri Anda dengan Vitamin atau Susu sebagai Pembantu menjaga kondisi kesehatan badan.

...

Very good Rully ... mengenai susu produk New Zealand itu sangat bagus, dan itu bukan hanya utk org sakit saja, tp buat semua org yg ingin sehat, kuat, dan "awet muda" !!!

Sebenarnya itu "bukan susu" melainkan "cikal bakal susu". Istilah ilmiahnya adalah "colostrum". Itu adalah zat yg diberikan semua "mama" pd "jam-jam pertama" kelahiran bayinya.

Tanpa itu bayi takan pernah memiliki "imunitas" alias kekebalan tubuh, dan tak bisa bertahan utk hidup alias lumpuh. Kolostrum adalah satu-satunya zat yg diketahui, stlh tali pusar, yg mengandung unsur penopang kehidupan dan pertumbuhan. Tanpa itu semua bayi mamalia akan mati.

Bisa anda bayangan hebatnya kolostrum tsb, ....
jika bayi sapi tak diberikan kolostrum oleh induknya,
dlm 12 jam pertama, ... mk ... bayi sapi tsb ... akan mati !!!

Buat Bro yg lain yg ingin tahu lbh lanjut ttg khasiat kolostrum yg bgt "dahsyat" ini, akan sy pos dlm rubrik pojok kesehatan (health corner) ... [sy ada menelaah secara ilmiah ttg kolostrum ini, tp tulisan sy tsb dlm bhs Inggris] ...

Semoga Sis Mila segera segar bugar spt sediakala ...

Ttg kolostrum ini sbgm pernah sy tulis sblmnya adalah, spt pd pos berikut.

Tp mohon maa'af, sy belum sempat menterjemahkannya kedlm bhs Indonesia. Jadi ambil intinya atau garisbesarnya saja. Itu yg utama, dan paling penting adalah anda tahu apa itu kolostrum dan gunanya bg kehidupan anda!

Bro Iwan saya bantu mengenai penjelasan Kolostrum...

Kolostrum adalah cairan pra-susu yang dihasilkan oleh induk mamalia dalam 24-36 jam pertama setelah melahirkan (pasca-persalinan).

Kolostrum mensuplai berbagai faktor kekebalan (faktor imun) dan faktor pertumbuhan pendukung kehidupan dengan kombinasi zat gizi (nutrien) yang sempurna untuk menjamin kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan dan kesehatan bagi bayi yang baru lahir.

Namun karena kolostrum manusia tidak selalu ada, maka kita harus bergantung pada sumber lain.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolostrum sapi (bovine clolstrum) sangat mirip dengan kolostrum manusia dan merupakan alternatif yang aman.

Bahkan ada laporan yang menyatakan bahwa kolostrum sapi empat kali lebih kaya akan faktor imun dari pada kolostrum manusia.

...

Terimakasih Bro Rully ... maksudnya koreksi bukan Bro Rully koq ... ... tp buat para Brogader KOSTER yg blm pernah tau ttg kolostrum, lantas mengasosiasikan dgn susu yg lain ... padahal tak ada manusia pernah bisa hidup tanpa cikal-bakal susu atau pra-susu tsb ...

TQ atas informasinya ...

dan ini kata beberapa pendapat Pakar/Dokter mengenai Kolostrum...

Olle Hernel ( Univesity of Ulmea, sweden; Science)
" Glikoprotein dalam kolostrum sapi dapat menghambat melekatnya bakteri Helicobacter pylori yang menyebabkan tukak lambung. Kolostrum banyak mengandung interlukin-10 (Zat penghambat radang yang kuat), secara bermakna mengurangi radang pada sendi dan daerah yang cedera. "


Prof. Dr. Shortridge (Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)
" Kolostrum mengandung penghambat non-spesifik untuk menghambat perkembangan berbagai penyakit pernafasan, khususnya akibat virus influenza. Dinyatakan secara spesifik bahwa kolostrum secara unik, efektif untuk mengatasi wabah virus Flu Asia yang berpotensi mematikan yang muncul akibat mitasu dari hewan/manusia. "


Dr. Michael Julius (McGill University, Montreal; Science News)
" Kolostrum dan susu (dari manusia dan hewan) menstimulasi sistem imun bayi, dan juga suatu protein yang belum terindentifikasi mempercepat proses pematangan biakan Limposit B (salah satu tipe sel darah putih) dan memperlengkapinya untuk memproduksi antibodi. "


Dr. L. B. Khazenson (Microbial & Epidemial Immunobiology)
" Peneletian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pemeliharaan aktivitas biologis IgG pada sekresi saluran cerna orang dewasa yang minum kolostrum sapi. ini menunjukan imunisasi usus secara pasif untuk mencegah dan mengobati berbagai penyakit usus akut. "


Drs. Tokuyama (Tokuyama : Cancer Research Inst; Kanazawa University Japan)
" Kolostrum mengandung IgF-B yang dapat menekan (supresi) efek zat cytoxic (sebagai anti radang), menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker osteosarkoma dengan hambatan 75%, sebagai mediator fibrosis dan angiogenesis (memulihkan otot jantung dan pembuluh darah). "


Prof. Dr. Robert Preston ( Ins. Pengkajian Nutrien Internasional)
" Pada hakekatnya, kolostrum sangat aman dan merupakan anugrah dari alam sebagai makanan pertama untuk bayi. Adalah mustahil untuk memilih makanan lain selain Kolostrum. Setelah ratusan tahun di konsumsi manusia, belum pernah ditemukan laporan yang menyebutkan efek samping akibat mengkonsumsi kolostrum sapi. "


Sumber : center for nutrional Research (www.icnr.org)

COLOSTRUM DEGRADATION OVER TIME

As seen in the table below from the Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry, the quality of colostrum degrades rapidly after the first six hours post parturient. Collecting colostrum from the 1st six hours requires added effort and expense. If a company does not clearly state that their colostrum is from the first six hours, it likely is not.

Below is data depicting the rapid degradation of colostrum after the first six hours. The table represents the transition of liquid colostrum to liquid milk as time passes post parturient. To standardize results in accord with the traditions of dairy science, scientific studies measure components of liquid colostrum, as it comes from the udder. To convert to meaningful contents of dried colostrum products, liquid must be converted to solids. For example, if total solids of liquid colostrum is 20.46%, as in line two of the table, and total protein of liquid colostrum is 10%, also line two, then total protein as a percentage of total solids (basically dried colostrum) is 49%. This is typical for colostrum harvested in the first six hours. Compare that to colostrum harvested in twenty-four hours, in which total solids is 12.77% and total protein is 4.52%. Total protein as a percentage of total solids for twenty-four hour colostrum is thus 35%, compared to 49% for colostrum from the first six hours. Globulin content shows an even greater decrease over time. Additionally, lactose content shows a large, undesirable rise over time (about lactose intolerance). See table below.

PRODUCTS AVAILABLE IN THE MARKET

The scientific research showing the markers of 0-6 hour bovine colostrum was furthered to compare those same markers to different products available on the market today. This research was again conducted by a major United States University and the products of eight different competitor manufacturers were included.




In comparing these values it is evident that in different products none match the definition of true colostrum and none retained marker values consistent with those of 0-6 hour bovine colostrum.


HOW TO DETERMINE COLOSTRUM QUALITY

Quality is the ability to deliver a product to the consumer that meets the standards and does it consistently with minimal variation.

At present regulatory officials have not issued a scientific definition of colostrum or a definition for establishing quality; however, the unique profile of colostrum has been defined in various journals for a number of years. The goal of a good colostrum producer is to provide highest quality colostrum as determined by valid scientific criteria.




Without a definition or guideline to comply with, the focus of some colostrum producers is on achieving maximum profit, rather than product quality, as a primary goal.

The ways to achieve consistency are 1) understand the process; 2) work in a consistent and uniform manner; and 3) monitor the outcome of these efforts. The monitors should reflect not only the average value, but also the variation around the average. Even with a good plan and apparent execution, it is imperative that personnel be involved in the design of the plan and also in the evaluation of the outcomes.

Source: 1998 NMC Regional Meeting proceedings, p. 56

IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONTENT OF COLOSTRUM

Immunoglobulin content is only one measure of colostrum quality, but it is perhaps more frequently referred to than any other measure of quality. For comparison of immunoglobulin content, note that six hour colostrum has 6.3% albumin, which is mostly immunoglobulin, while colostrum from twelve hours has less than 3% albumin. Most of the colostrum on the market is not even from the first twelve hours, but is collected over a period of days and from several milkings.

Nature, in her perfect way, has designed for the components of colostrum to complement each other. Working together in the correct proportions, they accomplish more than the sum of each component working independently. This is known as synergism. With colostrum from the first six hours, the components are in the proportions designed by nature to achieve maximum synergism. Of the colostrum available on the market, only colostrum from the first six hours has the maximum synergism designed by Nature.


LACTOSE CONTENT OF COLOSTRUM

Lactose content has a great influence on allergic-like responses experienced by some individuals. Lactose intolerant individuals (regardless of body weight) can usually tolerate up to about 77 mg. lactose before a response is likely to occur. (Ley) With colostrum from the first six hours, such individuals can easily use 600 mg of colostrum, the largest daily amount required to achieve maximum results for most persons.




Lactose content rises over time, and from the first milking through the subsequent several milkings. This is another gauge for determining quality of colostrum.

bro Rully...ane pengen nyoba segelas aja ya? harganya terjangkau kan?

Colostrum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Colostrum (also known as beestings or first milk) is a form of milk produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the few days after giving birth.

Human and bovine colostrum is thick and yellowish. In humans, it has high concentrations of nutrients and immunities, but it is small in quantity.

Colostrum is high in carbohydrates, protein and antibodies, and low in fat, which human newborns may find difficult to digest. Newborns have very small digestive systems, and colostrum delivers its nutrients in a very concentrated low-volume form. It has a mild laxative effect, encouraging the passing of the baby's first stool, which is called meconium. This clears excess bilirubin, a waste product of dead red blood cells which is produced in large quantities at birth due to blood volume reduction, from the infant's body and helps prevent jaundice.

Colostrum contains large numbers of antibodies called "secretory immunoglobulin" (IgA) that help protect the mucous membranes in the throat, lungs, and intestines of the infant. Leukocytes are also present in large numbers; these begin protecting the infant from harmful viruses and bacteria. Ingesting colostrum establishes beneficial bacteria in the digestive tract.

Premature babies tend to fare better on human colostrum than manufactured baby milks. Human milk contains special components, called growth modulators, that help the premature baby's digestive system adjust to oral feedings (Davies 1989). Research (Schlanler 1999b; Gross and Slagle 1993; Lucas 1987; Lucas 1984) indicate that premature babies fed formula tend to vomit more and continue tube feeding longer than those fed human colostrum and breast milk.

Bovine colostrum is sometimes used by humans as a dietary supplement. It has been attributed with curative powers and used as an ingredient in food dishes for the ill or invalid (Davidson, 1999). Purified bovine colostrum extract is also sometimes used in protein supplements used by athletes and bodybuilders.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colostrum

Common Dictionary definition of colostrum
The thin yellowish fluid secreted by the mammary glands at the time of parturition that is rich in antibodies and minerals, and precedes the production of true milk. Also called foremilk.
[Latin.] colostral co·los'tral (-tr?l) adj.

Source: The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2004, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.


Medical Dictionary definition of colostrum
The first milk secreted at the time of parturition, differing from the milk secreted later by containing more lactalbumin and lactoprotein, and also being rich in antibodies that confer passive immunity to the newborn. Also called foremilk.
co·los'tral (-tr?l) adj.

Source: The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company.


WordNet definition of colostrum
Milky fluid secreted for the first day or two after parturition.
Synonym: foremilk

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

Information About Colostrum
From Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine

Description
Colostrum is a thick yellow fluid, rich in protein, growth factors, and immune factors. It is secreted by the mammary glands of all female mammals during the first few days of lactation. It also contains essential nutrients and protease inhibitors that keep it from being destroyed by the processes of digestion. Humans produce relatively small amounts of colostrum in the first two days after giving birth, but cows produce about 9 gallons (36 L) of colostrum. Bovine colostrum can be transferred to all other mammals, and is four times richer in immune factors than human colostrum.

Although colostrum has received widespread attention as a dietary supplement only since the late 1990s, it has a lengthy history of medicinal use. Ayurvedic physicians in India have used colostrum as a treatment for thousands of years. In the United States, mainstream medical practitioners recommended colostrum as a natural antibiotic before the discovery of penilcillin and sulfa drugs. In the 1950s, colostrum was used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dr. Albert Sabin, the researcher who developed the first oral vaccine for poliomyelitis, found that colostrum contains antibodies against polio. He recommended colostrum as a dietary supplement for children who were vulnerable to polio.


The major components of colostrum include the following substances:

Immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins are globulin proteins that function as antibodies. They are the most plentiful immune factors found in colostrum. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) counteracts bacteria and toxins in the blood and lymphatic system; immunoglobulin M (IgM) seeks out and attaches itself to viruses in the circulatory system; immunoglobulins D and E (IgD and IdE) remove foreign substances from the bloodstream and activate allergic reactions. High-quality colostrum is certified to contain a minmum of 16% immunoglobulins.

Lactoferrin. Lactoferrin is a protein that transports iron to red blood cells and helps to deprive viruses and harmful bacteria of iron.

Proline-rich polypeptide (PRP). PRP is a hormone that regulates the thymus gland, helping to calm a hyperactive immune system or stimulate an underactive immune system.

Growth factors. The growth factors in bovine colostrum include insulin-like growth factors (IgF-1 and IgF-2), an epithelial growth factor (EgF), transforming growth factors (TgF-A and TgF-B), and a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Growth factors stimulate normal growth as well as the healing and repair of aged or injured skin, muscle, and other tissues. In addition, growth factors help the body to burn fat instead of muscle for fuel when a person is dieting or fasting.

Growth hormone. Growth hormone slows some of the signs of aging.

Leukocytes. Leukocytes are white cells that stimulate production of interferon, a protein that inhibits viruses from reproducing.

Enzymes. Colostrum contains three enzymes that oxidize bacteria.

Cytokines and lymphokines. These are substances that regulate the body's immune response, stimulate the production of immunoglobulins, and affect cell growth and repair.

Vitamins. Colostrum contains small amounts of vitamins A, B12, and E.

Glycoproteins. Glycoproteins, or protease inhibitors, are complex proteins that protect immune factors and growth factors from being broken down by the acids in the digestive tract.

Sulfur. Sulfur is a mineral that is an important building block of proteins.


General Use

Colostrum is presently used to treat a variety of diseases and disorders. Applications that have been investigated in clinical trials include the following:

Bacterial and Viral Infections
A number of recent clinical studies have shown that colostrum is effective in reversing the inflammation of the digestive tract in HIV/AIDS patients caused by opportunistic infections. The antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial properties of colostrum enable it to kill such pathogens as E. coli, Candida albicans, rotaviruses, and Cryptosporidium.

In 1980, a British researcher showed that a large proportion of the antibodies and immunoglobulins in colostrum are not absorbed by the body but remain in the digestive tract. There they attack food- and water-borne organisms that cause disease. More recent clinical studies have demonstrated that colostrum is effective in preventing intestinal infections by first keeping the bacteria from attaching themselves to the intestinal wall, and secondly by killing the bacteria themselves. Colostrum has proved to be capable of killing Campylobacter, Helicobacter pylori, Listeria, Salmonella, Shigellosis, and five types of streptococci.

Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases
The PRP in colostrum has been demonstrated to reduce or eliminate the pain, swelling, and inflammation associated with allergies and autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, myasthenia gravis). These effects are related to PRP's ability to inhibit the overproduction of lymphocytes (white blood cells) and T-cells.

Heart Disease
Recent research suggests that cardiovascular disease may be caused in part by alterations in the patient's immune system. One study indicated that 79% of patients with heart diseases had a certain type of Chlamydia (an intracellular parasite closely related to certain bacteria) associated with the formation of plaque in their arteries. The PRP in colostrum may be able to reverse heart disease in the same way it counteracts allergies and autoimmune diseases. In addition, the growth factors and growth hormone in colostrum appear to lower the blood levels of "bad" cholesterol while raising the blood levels of "good" cholesterol. These growth factors also repair damage to heart muscle and support the growth of new blood vessels in the part of the circulatory system that surrounds the heart.

Cancer
Since 1985, the cytokines contained in colostrum have been a major area of research in seeking a cure for cancer. Researchers have found that the lactoferrin in colostrum has some anti-cancer activity. In addition, the combination of immune factors and growth factors in colostrum appears to inhibit the growth of cancers.

Weight Loss
The growth factor called IgF-1 that is contained in colostrum is needed by the body in order to metabolize fat. As humans grow older, their bodies produce less IgF-1. These lower levels of growth factor are associated with a higher rate of type 2 diabetes in older adults and with increased difficulty losing weight in spite of exercise and careful attention to diet. While colostrum by itself will not cause weight loss, it appears to be a useful part of a weight reduction program because of its IgF-1 content.

Sports Medicine
The immune factors in colostrum appear to be helpful in protecting athletes from infections caused by the physical and emotional stress of competition. Using colostrum as a dietary supplement also increases the efficiency of the digestive tract for athletes in training. The intestines are able to make more nutrients available to the muscle cells and the body's vital organs. A 2002 report stated that cyclists taking 20 to 60 grams of bovine colostrums supplements per day showed significant performance improvements following a two-hour ride.

Open Wounds
The growth factors in colostrum have been found to stimulate the growth of new skin and to repair tissues damaged by ulcers, injuries, burns, surgery, or inflammation. They are able to do this through their direct action on the cells' DNA and RNA. Powdered colostrum has been used in topical preparations for gum disease, sensitive teeth, mouth ulcers, cuts, and burns.

Other
Colostrum has been used outside clinical research to treat a variety of other conditions. Satisfied individuals have reported that colostrum has successfully treated skin disorders, emphysema, baldness in males, anger outbursts,fever blisters, shingles, tendinitis, thyroid disorders, gout, insect bites, vaginal yeast infections, and anemia.


Preparations

Colostrum is presently available in a variety of forms, including tablets, liquids, powders, and encapsulated powders. In general, the powdered forms are recommended as preferable to liquids or tablets, on the grounds that liquid colostrum has a short shelf life and the processing necessary to produce tablets destroys much of colostrum's biological activity. The recommended dose for adults with disease symptoms is 1,000–2,000 mg of powdered colostrum in capsules, taken twice daily with 8–12 oz of water. Preventive doses are left to the patient's choice. Children can be given colostrum but require less than adults.

In the United States, colostrum is taken from dairy cows within 24 hours after the birth of a calf. Only dairy cows that meet USDA health standards and have been raised on a feed supplemented with nutrients are used to supply colostrum. The calf needs four gallons of the nine that the cow produces. The remaining five gallons are collected by a USDA-certified dairy. The colostrum is frozen and kept at a temperature of 17°F (-8.3°C). After the frozen colostrum is taken to a processing plant, it is carefully thawed and evaluated for quality and immunoglobulin content. About 30% is rejected at this stage. The fat is then removed from the remaining colostrum, after which the colostrum is spray-dried at low heat. The colostrum is repeatedly tested during processing for freedom from bacterial contamination.


Precautions
Persons who are using colostrum as a dietary supplement in the United States should obtain it from a source licensed by the USDA.


Side Effects
With the exception of allergic reactions in persons who are known to be allergic to cow's milk, colostrum does not produce any major side effects at any level of consumption. Mild flu-like symptoms that disappear with continued use of colostrum have been reported in children.


Interactions
No significant drug interactions between colostrum and standard pharmaceuticals have been reported.

source: Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine information about colostrum
© 2006 through a partnership of Answers Corporation. All rights reserved.

Colostrum is a proven, effective immune system booster

Soon after giving birth, female mammals produce colostrum, which is a milk-like substance that jump-starts a newborn's immune system. Researchers now believe that the benefits of colostrum don't necessarily end there. If you have a compromised immune system or are just looking for a boost to your healthy immune system, colostrum may be the jump-start you need to fight infection or immune-related chronic diseases such as cancer.

The immune-boosting property of colostrum stems from molecules called transfer factors, which were first discovered in 1949 by Sherwood Lawrence. While treating tuberculosis patients, Lawrence noticed that immune response factors could be transferred from blood donor to recipient, hence the term "transfer factors." According to Burton Goldberg in Alternative Medicine, transfer factors "can 'educate' or modulate a recipient's immune system, teaching it to recognize these specific antigens and communicating the knowledge that they are present."

Of course, HIV and hepatitis concerns make modern blood transfer a risky method of boosting recipients' immune systems with transfer agents. In 1999, fifty years after Lawrence's discovery, researchers discussed the potential role of transfer factors in modern medicine at the Eleventh International Conference on Transfer Agents in Mexico. Bovine colostrum was a hot topic at the convention; it is the most abundant source of transfer factors known today.

Bovine colostrum is replete with transfer factors such as hydrogen peroxide and IgG-type immunoglobulins. You may already be familiar hydrogen peroxide -- the stuff the school nurse put on your skinned knees. Our healthy cells regularly produce hydrogen peroxide to attack invading pathogens; in fact, doctors in the British army who were aware of this fact used intravenous hydrogen peroxide to treat influenza in India.

Bovine colostrum's high concentration of IgG-type immunoglobulins is especially significant for people suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome. While a healthy immune system can easily fight a form of diarrhea called cryptosporidiosis, it can be deadly for AIDS patients. IgG-type immunoglobulins are particularly effective against Cryptosporidium parvum, the microorganism that causes this form of disease. In fact, according to the Health Science Institute's Underground Cures, "colostrum is able to ameliorate or completely eliminate the clinical symptoms of those suffering from cryptosporidiosis."

By boosting your immune system, colostrum also proves an effective anti-cancer treatment. As you may already know, cancer is related to immune deficiency. Cancer cells develop in our bodies all the time, but our immune systems effectively kill the cancer cells before they further develop and symptomatically appear as the disease we know as "cancer." The development of cancer indicates that the immune system was ineffective in fighting the malignant cells that appeared; these cells took advantage of a weakened state, grew, and spread out of control.

Boosting your immune system builds your body's defenses against naturally occurring cancer cells, thereby preventing a full-blown progression of the disease. If you already have cancer, colostrum is vital for your treatment. Its immune-boosting abilities will help your body fight off the cancer. Colostrum furthermore contains the antioxidant phytic acid, which prevents iron from reaching and nourishing cancer cells.

Transfer factors may become a valuable way to treat communicable disease in the future as researchers learn more and gain the ability to isolate specific factors. In fact, transfer factors may someday cure the diseases ravaging the world population, such as AIDS and Ebola. After the tragic 2002 Ebola outbreak in Uganda, freelance journalist Sam Wainaina explored the potential benefits of transfer factors in Africa. In his article, Wainaina concluded that had transfer factors been used during the outbreak, it could have been contained sooner, saving lives and avoiding mass hysteria.

Research for cures through transfer factors continues, but you can take advantage of the benefits of colostrum and the amazing transfer factors it contains today. If your immune system is compromised, you don’t have to wait to help yourself by learning more about colostrum supplements now.

The experts speak on colostrum and immune support:

"What is colostrum?"

Colostrum, a milk-like substance that female mammals produce soon after giving birth, is full of potent, immune-stimulating factors that jump-start a newborn's immune system. It is also thought that it can help a person with colon cancer fight off a recurrence of the disease, says Robert Rountree, M.D., cofounder of the Helios Health Center in Boulder, Colorado.

Alternative Cures by Bill Gottlieb, page 169
"The immune-boosting property of colostrum stems from molecules called transfer factors (TFs)"

What kind of immunological information is transferred? The TFs can "educate" or modulate a recipient's immune system, teaching it to recognize these specific antigens and communicating the knowledge that they are present. …TFs from colostrum taken as a supplement provide resistance to infection and disease.

Alternative Medicine by Burton Goldberg, page 601
Judging by what came out of the 11th International Congress on Transfer Factors in Monterrey, in 1999 as well as recent information, hope for Africa lies in what has been known in medical literature for over 50 years as Transfer Factors or TFs.
The most abundant source of Transfer Factors today is cow colostrum, what Dr Rob Robertson calls "God's first gift to the newborn." Transfer Factors are the vital healing ingredients in colostrum.

Dr Robertson was for many years head of emergency medicine at the Western Baptist Hospital in Kentucky, USA, and is a regular radio talk show host on the subject.

Before cow colostrum was discovered as a rich source of Transfer Factors blood was the main source of this healing agent. Indeed, during the Kikwit epidemic, a Congolese surgeon seriously considered using the blood of those who had survived the initial attack to treat subsequent cases.

Dr Robertson says that, unlike antibodies, TFs are small molecules that are not consumed in the process of "binding" as happens when disease is confronted in the body.

Dr William Hennen, author of Transfer Factor, the Natural Immune Booster, who compounded the cutting edge variant of TF called Transfer Factor Plus, describes this immune agent as a "concentrated immune massaging system." Besides raising the IQ of the individual's immune system as well gathering intelligence so as to alert naive and dormant immune systems to the impending danger, TFs extracted from colostrum and taken orally are also able to boost "natural killer cell" (NK) activity as well as moderate an over-excited immune system through the "suppressor" component in TFs. Moreover, TFs will act as a memory agent for the immune system. Asserts Dr Hennen: "Transfer Factors are immune messenger molecules that educate and alert naive immune cells to an impending danger. They perform a catalytic role in the immune system."

Can Africa Avoid the Coming Killer Diseases? By Sam Wainaina, as posted online
"Bovine colostrum is full of immune-boosting transfer factors, such as hydrogen peroxide and IgG-type immunoglobulins" Hydrogen peroxide is a natural substance manufactured by normal, healthy human cells to regulate metabolism and attack invading pathogens. It also occurs naturally in rain and snow, in fruits and vegetables, and in mother's milk, with particularly high concentrations found in colostrum. In 1920, The Lancet reported the use of intravenous hydrogen peroxide by British Army doctors in India, who used it to treat troops suffering from influenza….

Alternative Medicine by Burton Goldberg, page 425
Antibodies are protein molecules set in motion by the immune system against a specific antigen. Also referred to as immunoglobulins, antibodies occur in the blood, lymph, colostrum, …. The antibody binds tightly with the antigen as a preliminary for removing it from the body or destroying it.

Alternative Medicine by Burton Goldberg, page 22
… Cryptosporidium parasites cause acute diarrhea in people with strong, healthy immune systems but can be life-threatening in those who are immune compromised. Studies published in Infection & Immunity …have shown that colostrum is able to ameliorate or completely eliminate the clinical symptoms of those suffering from cryptosporidiosis.

Underground Cures by Health Sciences Institute, page 12
…Hyperimmune bovine colostrum is rich in immunoglobulins of the IgG type, which are protective against such infectious microorganisms as Cryptosporidium parvum (a major cause of AIDS-associated diarrhea), diarrheogenic Escherichia coli strains, Shigella flexneri, Clostridium difficile, and rotavirus, the most common cause of severe diarrhea in young children.

PDR For Nutritional Supplements by Sheldon Saul Hendle and David Rorvik, page 65
A bovine colostrum product derived from cows immunized against Candida albicans was reported to be effective in reducing levels of this fungal pathogen in severely immuno-compromised patients. …

PDR For Nutritional Supplements by Sheldon Saul Hendle and David Rorvik, page 66
Colostrum …It's rich in immune-supporting factors, and some alternative practitioners believe that it can help control both acute and chronic diarrhea, says Andrew Gaeddert, a professional member of the American Herbalists Guild and director of the Get Well Clinic in Oakland, California. Look for a concentrated, purified, non-allergenic form of bovine (cow) colostrum and follow the dosage directions on the label, he advises.

Alternative Cures by Bill Gottlieb, page 212
In addition, Dr. Marrongelle recommends Woben-zyme, a German enzyme formula that can help reduce inflammation of prostate tissue, and colostrum, which is high in immunoglobulins (specialized immune defense proteins) that protect against infections. …

Alternative Medicine by Burton Goldberg, page 789
If you must take antibiotics, restore the body's "friendly" bacteria by taking a probiotic supplement,…. colostrum is another effective probiotic that can be taken on a rotating basis with acidophilus and bifidobacteria. Take 300 milligrams three times daily, between meals.

Smart Medicine For Healthier Living by Janet Zand LAc OMD Allan N Spreen MD CNC James B LaValle RPh ND, page 79
… The friendly bacteria not only fight Candida overgrowth, a common complication of ulcerative colitis, but they are required to resolve any condition involving the gastrointestinal tract.

Smart Medicine For Healthier Living by Janet Zand LAc OMD Allan N Spreen MD CNC James B LaValle RPh ND, page 206
Lactoferrin: Lactoferrin, an abundant protein component of human colostrum, binds to iron. By binding to iron, lactoferrin makes iron less available for use by bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi and viruses, which use iron to promote their own growth. Lactoferrin's ability to regulate iron also influences T-cell, neutrophil, and monocyte proliferation, all essential components of the immune response. Iron-regulating strategies are also essential to normal growth and the control of the advancement of disease processes in the body.

Viral Immunity by J.E, page 294
… Another immunomodulator made from milk colostrum is Cytolog, which may also prove helpful in boosting the immune system to treat cancer.

Alternative Medicine by Burton Goldberg, page 602
… Other strains of bacteria, though not destroyed by colostrum, were strongly inhibited in their growth. Even more interesting is that friendly bacteria were not destroyed by colostrum. …

Healing Pets With Nature's Miracle Cures By Henry Pasternak DVM CVA, page 103
"Colostrum as an anti-cancer agent"
Phytic acid … is a powerful antioxidant. Phytic acid is found in very high concentrations in colostrum,…. A specially formulated form of phytic acid, called Cellular Forte with IP-6 is used to treat cancers of many types. One of its major effects is to prevent iron from reaching cancer cells. Its iron binding power is so great that it is also used to treat the iron-overload disease, hemochromatosis.

Health And Nutrition Secrets by Russell L Blaylock MD, page 335
"Transfer factors / colostrum as a powerful weapon against communicable diseases"
The Ebola outbreak in northern Uganda that spread to the southwest and west of the country over the past three months had the potential to cause a total breakdown of Uganda's medical service.
But if the proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Transfer Factors held in Monterrey, Mexico, in 1999, were taken seriously, the outbreak could have been contained sooner …
African nations are duty bound to remember that there may be no time for vaccines when these predicted epidemics explode across the continents. Judging by what came out of the 11th International Congress on Transfer Factors in Monterrey, in 1999 as well as recent information, hope for Africa lies in what has been known in medical literature for over 50 years as Transfer Factors or TF.

Can Africa Avoid the Coming Killer Diseases? By Sam Wainaina, as posted online
"More possible benefits of colostrum"
Colostrum … upon contact with stomach acid; inhibits attachment from, and kills campylobacter, Candida and e. coli bacteria (with colostrum Leucocytes), clostridium, food poisoning, helicobacter pylori, listeria, rotavirus, salmonella, shigellosis, and streptococcus; counters leaky gut and irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, ulcers, chronic fatigue, diabetes, autoimmunity, (rheumatoid) arthritis, lupus, and cancers; improves intestinal assimilation of nutrients, inhibits protein breakdown, shifts energy sources from carbohydrates to fats, spurs glucose transport inmuscles,may inhibit scleroderma,fibromyalgiaandmultiple sclerosis.

Anti-Aging Manual by Joseph B Marion, page 20
Leptin reduced food consumption 60% in Leptin-deficient mice, while increasing energy. Leptin is found in mother's milk colostrum: large fat cells indicate Leptin deficiency. Leptin-deficient obese mice lost 40% of body weightafter 1 month on Leptin, and reduced diabetes, eventually becoming as lean as the most athletic mice: while normal mice lost 12%ofbodyweight. Leptin was recently found to regulate at least six Gene clusters, inhibiting fat-production enzyme Acety 1-CoA-Carboxylase, reducing synthesis of fat cells, while improving fat-burning in muscle cells. …

Anti-Aging Manual by Joseph B Marion, page 10
Bovine colostrum's putative exercise-performance-enhancement is mainly attributed to such growth factors as IGF-1.

PDR For Nutritional Supplements by Sheldon Saul Hendle and David Rorvik, page 65
Playford RJ, Floyd DN, Macdonald CE, et al. Bovine colostrum is a health food supplement which prevents NSAID induced gut damage. Gut. 1999; 44:653-658.

PDR For Nutritional Supplements by Sheldon Saul Hendle and David Rorvik, page 66
Taken as a supplement, colostrum can boost the immune system and help the body to burn fat and build lean muscle. It may also accelerate the healing of injuries, increase vitality and stamina, and have an anti-aging effect. …
Prescription For Nutritional Healing by Phyllis A Balch CNC and James F Balch MD, page 66

Source: http://www.newstarget.com/009912.html

Three Basic Facts About Colostrum


Fact 1: COLOSTROGENESIS CEASES AT BIRTH
With cattle there is only one udderful of colostrum, due to a hormone flux at the time of birthing that shuts off colostrogenesis. From that time forward, colostrum begins a transition to normal milk (Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry). The levels of the beneficial components of colostrum immediately begin to decline post parturition. For example, after six hours post calving, 6.3% of the total solids in the colostrum is albumin (mostly immunoglobulin), but after twelve hours only 3% is albumin.

Fact 2: ONLY THE FIRST MILKING IS TRUE COLOSTRUM
The first milking harvests eighty percent of the colostrum. As time passes after the first milking, the small amount of colostrum remaining in the udder awaiting extraction by subsequent milkings transitions to normal milk. With other than first six hour colostrum, products sold as "colostrum" may contain more dried milk than colostrum. Current regulations do not prevent a company from advertising up to five milkings as "colostrum", when the fifth milking is less than 1% true colostrum.

Fact 3: SYNERGISM IS LOST AFTER SIX HOURS
Not only do the levels of the beneficial components of colostrum in the udder decline over time, but the proportions of the components also change. This is critical because the components of colostrum work together, in accord with nature's perfect design. The various components working together accomplish more than the sum of the components working independently, a biological phenomenon known as synergism. To achieve maximum synergism the components of colostrum must be present in the proportions existing near the time of calving.

Because of the above reasons it takes less first milking, first six hour colostrum to achieve results, and better results, than with other colostrum. Synertek lozenges contain 200 mg of pure first milking, first six hour colostrum - true colostrum - and it requires only two or three of them daily to maximize benefits.

Source: http://www.firstmilking.com/three_facts_you_should_know_befo.htm
More.. : http://www.firstmilking.com/table_from_fundamentals_of_dairy.htm

Why Colostrum? - The benefits of using Dairy Colostrum
What's the good of colostrum?

Without Colostrum being ingested immediately after birth, most mammals will die particularly calves.

(So, if you were worried about humans taking colostrum away from calves, you can forget about it. No farmer would let his calf die in exchange for a few dollars gained by selling colostrum. The reason that there is a thriving market in colostrum among farmers is that most milk cows produce about 9 gallons colostrum and calves only need about 4 gallons.)

Humans will not die without colostrum, but their health will be greatly impaired for the rest of their lives if they do not get their colostrum. Since calves will die without their mom's colostrum, bovine colostrum is much richer than human colostrum.
Bovine Colostrum is designed to traverse the several immature stomachs that calves have without being digested, so Bovine
Colostrum will not breakdown so easily in the mature stomachs of human beings.

Furthermore, scientists have proven that colostrum is not species specific. This makes bovine colostrum ideal as a supplement for human beings.

For more information about the benefits of Bovine Colostrum visit:
http://www.bovinecolostrum.com
The Center for Nutritional Research. A Non-Profit Educational Organization whose mission is to provide broad-based nutritional information focused on the nutraceutical field.

Source: http://www.awcs.com.au/why.htm

Bovine Colostrum Benefit - the leading resource

First Milking Bovine Colostrum - the leading online resource about it's scientific and practical benefit to the immune system.

Colostrum is the first lacteal secretion produced by the mammary gland of a mother prior to the production of milk. Any secretion after the first removal of all or part is then termed Transitional Milk.

Only colostrum collected from the single first milking within 0-6 hours after birth maintains nature's perfect balance of immunological and body regulating biologically active proteins.

Bovine colostrum is a natural immune system enhancer designed so carefully as nature intended it as the first food for new life. This web site is the leading online resource for scientific and practical bovine colostrum information and how it stimulates and regulates the immune system and good health.

Source: http://www.colostrum.com

Huge Colostrum FAQ and Product Guide!

Colostrum Info And Products
Increase Muscle Growth The Easy Way

What are they and where do they come from?
Bovine colostrum is the first milk-like substance produced by the mammary glands of a female cow immediately after the birth of a calf. The purpose of colostrum is to provide the offspring with antibodies and nutrition that will aid in the fortification of the immune system. Bovine colostrum contains many beneficial substances. The most important of these substances are: Immunoglobins, Lactoferin, Proline-Rich Polypeptide, Cytokines and Vitamins.

What does it do and what scientific studies give evidence to support this?
The ability of colostrum to increase IGF-1 levels is well known. IGF-1 helps to maintain healthy cholesterol levels, and lower bodyfat.

Listed are the important substances found in bovine colostrum, and provided is a brief explanation as to their function and relevance.

Proline-Rich Polypeptide: Different types of proteins that work with the thymus gland and regulates the immune system.
Cytokines: Help to boost T-cell activity, and help to regulate the bodies response to exercise and other stimuli.11
Vitamins and Amino Acids: Colostrum contains many vitamins and minerals. Among the most important are the B vitamins and antioxidants. It also has a host of essential and non-essential amino acids.

To obtain maximum benefit from supplemental colostrum, it is important to buy "first milking" colostrum. Look for this phrase on the label when making a purchase, and also be sure to obtain colostrum that has been manufactured using the low-heat spray method. This method will ensure that all beneficial ingredients are intact. Learn more about the benefits of Colostrum on Clayton South's Health Facts.

Who needs it and what are some symptoms of deficiency?
There are no signs of deficiency, but everyone can benefit from spplementing with colostrum.

The overweight will find that colostrum, and because of its GH content, will help lower bodyfat levels.13

Accident victims or those who have recently undergone surgery, may find that colostrum helps speeds healing and recovery.14 This is, in part, due to its GH and immunoglobin content.

How much should be taken? Are there any side effects?
No side effects have been reported. Individuals suffering from diabetes, prostatitis, dwarfism, obesity, hypertension, HIV or cancer, should consult a qualified medical practitioner prior to the use of supplemental colostrum.
Follow the directions as prescribed on the product's label.

Where can I get it?
There are different brand names that manufacture supplemental colostrum.

Source: http://www.bodybuilding.com/store/colo.html

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Colostrum research

Bovine Colostrum: its dietary supplementation role in improvement and modulation of human immune indices

Sherif S. Ragab and Effat A. A. Afifi
Nutrition and Food Science Department; Home Economics Faculty; Minufiya University – Egypt. Food Hygiene Department; National Institute of Nutrition; Cairo – Egypt.


Abstract

Oral ingestion of bovine colostrum lozenges in student subjects was shown to be effective in improvement and modulation of humoral and cell-mediated immune indices during the feeding (two weeks) and post-feeding (two weeks) durations. Serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA, and measured parameters of humoral immunity and T-lymphocytes CD4 and CD8 and measured parameters of cell-mediated immunity in all examined human subjects were significantly influenced by oral supplementation of bovine colostrum lozenges. There was a direct positive correlation between the daily-received colostrum dose and the observed influence on the titters of measured immunity indices. A daily dose of 400 mg bovine colostrum supplementation showed more improvement and increased effect on estimated parameters than a 200 mg daily dose, which indicates that the improvement and modulation roles of bovine colostrum supplementation on immunity status was carried out through a dose - dependant fashion. All of the student cases of this study were having low to moderate levels of all measured immunity indices, which improved and modulated significantly as a result of daily consumption of bovine colostrum supplement. Findings suggest the possible incorporation of bovine colostrum as a dietary supplement to provide immunity enhancement and modulation specially for human classes who suffer from shortage or auto -immune diseases, and in infant formulas to offer infants both clinical and nutritional benefits of this miracle natural food.


Introduction

Bovine colostrum is first milk secreted during the first few days after calving (Campbell & Petersen 1963; Brambell 1969; and Butler 1974). It has been historically concepted that bovine colostrum could be served as a human healthy food due to a lot of its nutritional and clinical importance (Lascelles 1963; Lamm et al.; 1978, Butler 1986, Larson 1992 and Quigley & Drewry 1998). It has long been recognized that breast colostrum feeding could offer a pronounced enhancement of passive immunity for humans primarily via transfer of lacteal specific and non-specific antibodies directly to the infants (Reddy et al.; 1988, Davidson 1996, and Korhonen 1998). Regular consumption of bovine colostrum has been reported as a protective role for infantile gastrointestinal immunity due to its direct effect on promoting and development of infantile gut-associated lymphoid tissues which responsible mainly for pronouncing the infantile gut immunity (Carbonare et al.; 1997, Kelly & Coutts 2000 and Korhonen et al.; 2000).

Bovine colostrum contains not only detectable levels of immunoglobulins far much higher (several hundred – fold) than ordinary bovine milk (Butler 1994 and Korhonen et al.; 1995); but also contain a series of physiologically bioactive constituents such as growth promoting factors that act as mediators of infantile growth and development (Reiter 1978; Donovan & Odle 1994 and Merro et al.; 1997) in addition to a series of antimicrobial fractions including lactoferrin; prostglandin; lactoperoxidase and lysozymes (Sánchez et al.; 1992, Levay & Viljion 1995; Lonnerdol & Lyer 1995 and Antonuis et al.; 2000).

The studies of Nord et al. (1990); Mitra et al.; (1995) and Warmy et al.; (1999) indicate the possible therapeutic and providing roles of orally ingested bovine colostrum in infants against many of bacterial and viral gastrointestinal infectious diseases until their own immunity system develop and mature.

This work was aimed to assess the possible supplementation role of bovine colostrum as lozenges of 200 and 400 mg daily doses in 40 student cases on the improvement and modulation of general systemic immunity status of studied cases.
Material and Methods

Subjects: 40 healthy female students volunteers aged 17.5 to 19.4 years of Home Economics Faculty; Minufiya University were selected for this work. All of the subject cases are non smokers, without any historical serious diseases background who have not received any kind of therapeutic drugs or any other forms of food supplements during the course of this study (4 weeks) and at least six months before the work. All of the student subjects received full information about the research protocol before participation and with the approval and agreement of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty authorities.

Protocol: Study subjects 40 students were divided into two regular groups (20 per each) A and B. group "A" were received 200 mg bovine colostrum lozenge daily. Whereas; group "B" received two lozenges i. e. 400 mg daily. The feeding duration was two successive weeks through a manner of daily ingestion of lozenges. The work duration was successive four weeks which divided into the following intervals:

a. Pre-feeding (zero time): the day of starting colostrum receives.
b. Feeding duration: the early 1st and 2nd weeks of colostrum supplementation.
c. Post-feeding duration: the 3rd and 4th weeks after basal time. There is colostrum supplementation.

Bovine colostrum: Supplied in form of chewable lozenges (100 lozenges per vial). According to the indication label this colostrum was harvested from selected grade A American dairies within the first six hours of calving. It is certified free from all forms of pathogens, drugs, heavy metals, and pesticides. It is widely available in the pharmaceutical markets as a natural food supplement not as a drug.

Blood sampling: 5 blood samples (5 ml each) were taken from each student at each of the following intervals: basal time (immediately before receiving the first dose of bovine colostrum lozenges), at the end of the 1st and 2nd weeks of successive oral colostrum supplementation (feeding duration), and at the end of the 3rd and 4th weeks from the basal time (post feeding duration). Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein of right arm, in EDTA-containing glass tube, and centrifuged (5000 rpm for 10 minutes) immediately to get serum, which was stored in plastic Eppendrof tube in deep freezer until the time of inspection.

Serum analysis: Obtained serum samples at each interval for each student case were inspected for immunoglobulins IgG; IgM and IgA by the use the descried techniques Endoplate Single Radial Immunodifussion (RID) (Nerenberg & Prasad 1975) test kits. Whereas; T lymphocytes CD4 and CD8 were estimated by direct folow cytometric Immunoflourescence Specific Staining kit methods (Sabin et al.; 1994 and Vigali & Strominger 1994). The kits were supplied by Cymbus Biotechnology Ltd.; for design & Development and Production of Immunological Reagents- UK. All of used kits were purchased from Clini Lab Office; Maadi - Cairo (a local agent of Bechman Coulter Inc.; for Diagnostic kits and Reagent – USA).

Statistical analysis: All results were treated by Student’s paired two-tailed t-test via Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to produce F-statistic to detect the presence of a significant difference within the treatments. The level of significance was set at P> 0.05 (Statograph Program 1987).


Results and Discussion

Data presented in tables and figures (1, 2 and 3 ) show the responses of estimated serum IgG, IgM and IgA titers as affected by daily intake of bovine colostrum lozenges for two student groups. It is observed that there was a significant increase in estimated titer which dependent on the receiving dose. Student group who received daily dose of 400 mg of bovine colostrum had a significantly higher levels (P < 0.05) of estimated immunoglobulins more than the other studied group who received a daily dose of 200 mg of bovine colostrum . During the 3rd and 4th weeks (post-supplementation period) after completely stopping of daily receive of bovine colostrum lozenges, there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in detected increase in all estimated immunoglobulin classes.

In respect of estimated lymphocytes groups (CD4 and CD8) as shown in tables and figures (4 and 5); also the level of bovine colostrum 400 mg was the most significant (P< 0.05) and potent effective dose which lead to increase the level of estimated lymphocyte classes. There was a continuos increase in estimated level of CD4 class till the end of the fourth week of this study (post-feeding). Whereas; CD8 class was undergo a gradual decline at the fourth week in case of student groups who received daily dose of bovine colostrum as 400 mg.

The most important finding of this work was that incidence of significant increase and improvement of all examined immunity parameters as affected by daily oral ingestion of supplementary bovine colostrum in the form of lozenges. Our estimated immunity parameters and indices have previously been shown to be associated with various effective functions of human immune system and general systemic body defense reactions (Petty & Todd 1993; Taylor et al.; 1994 and Sutterwala et al.; 1996). The observed increase in all investigated parameters was carried out in a dose –dependant linear manner with a significant correlation with the received daily dose of bovine colostrum. This finding is highly agree with that reported by Castrucci et al.; (1988), Tsunemitsu et al.; (1989) and Schller et al.; (1992), whose stated that oral ingestion of bovine colostrum could provide a significant protection for humans against viral gastrointestinal infections in animal models through a dose dependant – manner due to its high contents of immunoglobulins which present naturally in abundance level in addition to other natural antiviral constituents. In addition; Isaacson et al.; (1980), Snodgrass et al.; (1982) and Moon & Bunn (1993) reported also about the same attitude but in case of acute gastrointestinal infections caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli that could be removed completely with elimination of all the infection signs by regular consumption of bovine colostrum through a dose – dependant manner with a significant support of general human immunity.

The observed significant increase in serum immunoglobulins as direct benefits of bovine colostrum consumption could be refereed primarily to the high content of immunoglobulins present naturally in bovine colostrum, which ingested and represents an immunoglobulins exogenous feeding. Stephan et al.; (1990) and Zaremba et al.; (1993) concluded that most of bovine colostrum immunoglobulins and other biologically active constituents has the ability to withstand most of human gastric proteolytic enzymatic actions and therefore could be absorbed very effectively from intestine into blood stream to work as an exogenous non - specific ones and parallel with the human native immunoglobulins which of course lead to a detectable increase in the serum level of immunoglobulins. This finding suggest that part of the detected increases of serum immunoglobulins as affected by oral consumption of bovine colostrum are derived from consumed bovine colostrum.

Due to the high ability of IgG to resist all of acidic nature and gastric degradation of stomach enzymes more than other classes of immunoglobulins (Zinkernagal et al.; 1972, Goldmann 1993, Ross et al.; 1995, Kelly et al.; 1997 and Korhonen et al.; 2000), it could be explain why this class of estimated immunoglobulins was the most predominant and significantly increased due to colostrum supplementation.

On the other; the significant increase in serum immunoglobulins titer as affected by ingestion of bovine colostrum is that some of ingested bovine colostrum constituents could be digested into a biologically active fractions which acts as immunogens that promote the self human immunity system to produce and release its own native immunoglobulins. This finding is highly supported with that mentioned by Butler 1994 and Korhonen et al.; (1995) and (1998), whose stated and explained that most of digested bovine colostrum acts as a reactors to the immunity system and promote the releasing of self defense host immunoglobulins. Also; Lefranc – Millot et al.; (1996) added that most of colostrum proteins has a lot of biological benefits for humans not only to give nourishment to the offspring but also to provide an immune protection through the stimulation of releasing the reactive immunoglobulins which present an primary barer in humoral immune defense.

Transferring Growth Factor-B (TGF-B) which abundant naturally in bovine colostrum could serves actively in activation and stimulation of B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulins specially IgG and IgA in addition to enhancement of transporting of polymeric IgA into intestinal lumen and therefore activate the immune responses of both intestine and other mucous membranes against pathogens and other environmental pollutants (Brown 1978 and McGee et al.; 1991). This finding support our suggestion about the possible role of active constituents present naturally and abundance in bovine colostrum could stimulate not only B- lymphocytes to produce and release immunoglobulins but also initiate and activate also T- lymphocytes to produce and releases CD4 and CD8 as a members of T lymphocytes which involved mainly in cell-mediated immune mechanism in human (Leszek et al.; 1999).

This work was summarize the clinical and nutritional role of bovine colostrum supplementation in human that serve effectively as health – promoting functional food due to its high effect in enhancement; modulation and improvement of general immunity of human through increase of the titer of immunity keys as immunoglobulins and lymphocytes in addition to its high contents of antimicrobial factors beside immunoglobulins and other complementary proteins (IDF. 1991 and Mee & Mhra 1995), therefore it is offering a potential protection against infectious pathogens in addition to providing a lot of nutritional; growth – promoting services (Brock et al.; 1978 and Akita & Chan 1998).

This work suggest and recommend also that it is of the nutritional benefits to focus on the production of wide ranges of bovine colostrum – containing or based foods to serve potentially in providing a support and enhancement for the immunity system specially for the infants and human categories and classes whose suffered from immunity diseases and shortage. It is highly suggested also to incorporate some of bovine colostrum biologically active constituents into the human foods to offer a lot of physiological benefits because many of colostrum proteins has a pronounced health and clinical benefits for human health and growth (Nord et al.; 1990, Rump et al.; 1992, Plettenberg et al.; 1993, swart 1998 and Ng et al.; 2001).

Source: http://www.firstmilking.com/bovinecolostrumresearch.htm

Buseee...
Jagoan basa londo kabeh...

wah nyokap gw banget sie.....

...

He he he ... info ttg colostrum ini kan hasil CAPE (copy and paste and edit) ...

Masalahnya program mesin translator KOSTER lagi ngadat ... he he he ... :melet lidah: .. .. :gigi rontok:
... ada nggak yg mau terjemahin secara manual ??? ...

...